Articles
In-depth articles on gums, implants and the links between periodontitis and general health, written from published studies, with every source cited. Each article sets out what these studies show, and the status of its medical review by Dr Hazout.
Gums, periodontitis and lasers
Understanding periodontitis: recognising the signs and how it is diagnosed
Periodontitis is among the most common chronic diseases, and among the least noticed. It advances without pain, and its first signs pass for merely irritated gums:…
Gum care around implants: preventing peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis
An implant cannot decay. But the gum and bone around it can become inflamed and break down, sometimes faster than around a tooth. The two diseases involved, peri-implant…
How to choose a periodontist
Bleeding gums, receding gums, periodontitis diagnosed by your dentist: the time comes to see a practitioner who focuses on the gums. How do you find your way? Rather…
Implants and bone reconstruction
How is a titanium mesh made by 3D printing?
A custom titanium mesh exists in a single copy: one patient, one bone defect. Between the scan image and the sterile part used in theatre lie a digital workflow and an…
Why plan in 3D before a bone graft and an implant?
A conventional X-ray shows bone from the front, like a cast shadow, and says nothing about its width. Yet width is often what decides: will the implant hold on its own,…
Gums and general health
Diabetes and periodontitis: a two-way link, with the figures
Diabetes raises the risk of periodontitis; periodontitis, in turn, makes blood sugar harder to control. No relationship between the mouth and a general disease is better…
Periodontitis, heart and blood vessels: where does the evidence really stand?
People with periodontitis more often have cardiovascular disease: cardiologists and periodontologists recognise this link, found in large studies. This article sets out…
Periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease: a real association, mechanisms under study
Several large studies, including two cohorts published in 2026, link periodontitis to a higher risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease, and the bacterium…
Nutrition, micronutrition and periodontal inflammation: what the studies show
Diet weighs on gum inflammation: a handful of randomised trials show as much, over short periods and with modest effects. Whether periodontitis feeds the chronic…
Why bacterial sampling and blood testing appear useful
Periodontitis is not only pockets and X-rays: it is part of each patient's overall health. At the Levallois-Perret practice, the first treatment session includes a…
Pregnancy and gums: what changes, what matters
During pregnancy, many women find that their gums swell and bleed when they brush. This is neither inevitable nor, in itself, a danger to the baby: most often it is…
The oral microbiome and periodontitis: what we know, what we are still looking for
Periodontitis is not the work of a single germ. It arises from an imbalance in the bacterial community living beneath the gums, and from an inflammatory response that…